Rhinoplasty

Rhinoplasty
(Greek: Rhinos, "Nose" + Plassein, "to shape") is a cosmetic surgical procedure which is usually performed by either an Otolaryngologist, Maxillofacial Surgeon, or general Plastic Surgeon in order to improve the function (reconstructive surgery) and/or the appearance (cosmetic surgery) of a person's nose. Rhinoplasty is also commonly called a "nose job". Rhinoplasty can be performed to meet aesthetic goals or for reconstructive purposes to correct birth defects or breathing problems. It can be combined with other surgical procedures such as chin augmentation to enhance the aesthetic results.

History
Rhinoplasty was first developed by Sushruta, an important physician (often regarded as the "father of plastic surgery") who lived in ancient India circa 500 BC, which he first described in his text Sushruta Samhita. He and his later students and disciples used rhinoplasty to reconstruct noses that were amputated as a punishment for crimes. The techniques of forehead flap rhinoplasty he developed are practiced almost unchanged to this day. This knowledge of plastic surgery existed in India up to the late 18th century as can be seen from the reports published in Gentleman's Magazine (October 1794).

The first intranasal rhinoplasty in the West was performed by John Orlando Roe in 1887. It was later used for cosmetic purposes by Jacques Joseph (b. Jakob Lewin Joseph) in 1898 to help those who felt that the shape or size of their nose caused them embarrassment and social discomfort. His first rhinoplasty patient was a young man whose large nose caused him such embarrassment that he felt unable to appear in public. He approached Joseph because he had heard of a previous successful otoplasty, or "ear job," which the surgeon had performed.

How rhinoplasty is performed

It can be performed under a general anesthetic or with local anesthetic, depending on patient or doctor preference. Incisions are made inside the nostrils (closed rhinoplasty). Sometimes, tiny, inconspicuous incisions are also made on the columella the bit of skin that separates the nostrils (open rhinoplasty). The surgeon first separates soft tissues of the nose from the underlying structures, then reshapes the cartilage and bone causing the deformity.
In some cases, the surgeon may shape a small piece of the patient's own cartilage or bone to strengthen or increase the structure of the nose, this also helps some shooting pains that may occur. Sometimes this is done for cosmetic reasons (to improve the shape of the nasal tip, for example), or it may be done to improve breathing, function of the nose, and/or shooting pains located on the bridge.(may appear as an enlarged bump)
In rarer cases, a synthetic implant may be used to reconstruct the

nose if the normal structure of bone and cartilage is badly damaged or weakened. Alloplastic synthetic materials are often associated with long-term complications such as migration and extrusion. Alternatively, cartilage from the septum, ear or rib may be used.
To improve nasal breathing function, a septoplasty may be performed, with or without cosmetic changes. The cartilage that is removed may be used as a graft to improve the appearance and structure of the nose

Ethnic Nose Rhinoplasty

Many African-Americans or Asian-Americans, and others with non-European looking noses, choose to have an aesthetic rhinoplasty.
Although techniques and methods employed during rhinoplasty surgeries are the same regardless of race, there are some trends that apply to patients of certain ethnic backgrounds.
Asian-American Rhinoplasty: Asian patients often want their noses to appear narrower. This can be done through the use of infractures, where the nasal bones are broken and moved in or reset to thin out the nasal area and add projection in the process. (Outfractures, where the nasal bones are broken and moved outwards, are used to widen a too-narrow dorsum.) Asian patients typically like augmentation (adding material) of the bridge of their nose which will make the nose appear narrower as well. In Asia, patients typically use a variety of alloplastic implants including Gore-Tex, Med-Por, or silicone. Due to the risks of alloplastic materials, natural materials to the bridge of the nose, such as rib cartilage (costal cartilage) or ear cartilage (auricular cartilage) are being used more commonly.
African-American Rhinoplasty: One common trend in African American Rhinoplasty is to narrow wide nostrils. This procedure may include removing sections of the base of the nostrils or sections of the nose where it meets the face. The tip of the nose can be restructured by removing tiny sections of cartilage to give the nose more shape, or even adding cartilage to provide additional structure to the nasal tip.

How Will My Nose Look After Surgery?

Rhinoplasty (nose) surgery is not only one of the most frequently performed cosmetic facial procedures but is also the most demanding. Despite the fact that the nose is not altogether that large compared to the overall size of the entire face and skull, its prominence in the center of the face guarantees that even the smallest change will be seen. As few changes caused by rhrinoplastic surgery are reversible, it is of paramount importance that both patient and surgeon are on the same page as to both the surgical goals and what the final outcome could be.

Todays digital cameras, computer uploading, and imaging programs as common as Photoshop have made it not only possible but very easy and quick to do surgical predictions of the nose. The nose in both profile and frontal views can be done within minutes. While one has to be careful about making computer predictions that can not be done surgically, I have found such imaging to be a both a great communication tool and a fairly estimate of potential outcomes. All potential rhinoplasty patients today should have surgical predictive imaging done. I would not do any rhinoplasty surgery without it,

because the patient needs to have a good understanding of what the rhinoplasty procedure can achieve. Predictive imaging also allows the patient to appreciate if other facial changes may be complementary to the rhinoplasty. Most likely, this would be chin augmentation which is a common companion procedure done with a rhinoplasty. As I do an increasing number of ethnic rhinoplasties, of both Asian, Hispanic, and African-American origins, the importance of patient communication and an appreciation of what they want to achieve is of an-ever increasing concern. Most ethnic rhinoplasties, contrary to some beliefs, do not want to be 'westernized.' Rather, they seek better proportions of their nasal shape but not a radical change in most cases.

Quick Rhinoplasty - A Five Minute Nose Job

Most people are not completely satisfied with their noses.
For many people changing the shape of the nose involves having nose surgery, also known as rhinoplasty. Rhinoplasty is performed in the operating room and lasts typically 1- 3 hours.

A relatively new procedure performed by many plastic surgeons
is non-surgical rhinoplasty. This is a minimally invasive procedure that takes less than 5 minutes to perform. Non-surgical rhinoplasty is performed in the office using no anesthesia. Using a small needle, a tissue filler such as Restylane is injection in two areas of the nose. The result is that hump is hidden and appears to be rotated and better defined. The improved shape of the nose is obvious immediately. Visit our website to view before and after photographs of rhinoplasty patients.

The results of injections may last as long as 6-8 months.
Various injectable agents are available with different duration time. Bruising is rare and swelling is minimal. Patients may return to work the same day. Non-surgical rhinoplasty is a great option for patients who do not want surgery and wish immediate results with almost no recovery. Prior to the procedure patients are ask to avoid taking Aspirin, Motrin, Advil, or other medications that may promote bruising. This procedure is frequently combined with injection of the tissue filler in the face to decrease the appearance of smile lines and wrinkles. Some patients prefer to undergo lip augmentation at the same time. After trying non-surgial rhinoplaty, certain patients may later to decide to have permanent changes and request a formal surgical rhinoplasty.

Rhinoplasty: The Most Demanded Source For Reshaping The Nose

Rhinoplasty is virtually a nose surgery which is often used for the process of giving proper shape and formation to the nose. Rhinoplasty is thus considered as a nose job. Nose job here means a nose cosmetic surgery. Nose bears a very important feature in one’s face. Thus improper shape and size of the nose can be well given a proper shape with the help of rhinoplasty. Rhinoplasty is basically a form of cosmetic surgery where the tip of the nose is given proper shape. That is if the tip of the nose is too rounded and full or if it too long or even if it is blunt, then Rhinoplasty is the ultimate source.

Rhinoplasty is one of the most common from of cosmetic surgery which is very much popular in the USA. Rhinoplasty thus works as a procedure of reshaping the outline of the nose. Hence, nose size enhancement, bridging of the tip of the nose, giving proper proportions to the angle of the nose can all be done through Rhinoplasty. Rhinoplasty can also help in overcoming certain breathing problems. Thus Rhinoplasty helps in enhancing more courage and confidence in one’s by confining the entire look of the individual who undergoes Rhinoplasty.

When anyone opts for Rhinoplasty, certain consideration should be made. It has been estimated that the correct age for the boys for Rhinoplasty should be 15 year and in respect of the girls it should be more than 15 years. The cost of Rhinoplasty may vary depending upon the type of shape to be given to the nose. But most importantly the fees virtually depend upon the surgeon who undertakes the surgery. The more accuracy needed in respect of Rhinoplasty, demands high fees and vice versa.

Rhinoplasty is usually considered to be two types. The first from of Rhinoplasty is known as Closed Rhinoplasty and the second form is Open Rhinoplasty. In the first form of Rhinoplasty, incisions are mainly made inside the nose of the patient. This from of Rhinoplasty reduces the formation of visible scars. For this type of Rhinoplasty, the surgeon should be a highly experienced one in the field of nasal anatomy. But in the second form of Rhinoplasty, surgeons generally make the incisions on the upper or in the outside area of the nose. Visible scars are usually found in respect of Open Rhinoplasty. The pain which is generally experienced during Rhinoplasty can be however reduced with mild medication of analgesics.

Nose

Anatomically
a nose is a protuberance in vertebrates that houses the nostrils, or nares, which admit and expel air for respiration in conjunction with the mouth.
In most humans, it also houses the nosehairs, which catch airborne particles and prevent them from reaching the lungs. Within and behind the nose is the olfactory mucosa and the sinuses. Behind the nasal cavity, air next passes through the pharynx, shared with the digestive system, and then into the rest of the respiratory system. In humans, the nose is located centrally on the face;on most other mammals, it is on the upper tip of the snout.
As an interface between the body and the external world, the nose and associated structures frequently perform additional functions concerned with conditioning entering air (for instance, by warming and/or humidifying it, also for flicking if moving and by mostly reclaiming moisture from the air before it is exhaled (as occurs most efficiently in camels).

In most mammals
the nose is the primary organ for smelling. As the animal sniffs, the air flows through the nose and over structures called turbinates in the nasal cavity. The turbulence caused by this disruption slows the air and directs it toward the olfactory epithelium. At the surface of the olfactory epithelium, odor molecules carried by the air contact olfactory receptor neurons which transduce the features of the molecule into non painful electrical impulses in the brain.
In cetaceans, the nose has been reduced to the nostrils, which have migrated to the top of the head, producing a more streamlined body shape and the ability to breathe while mostly submerged. Conversely, the elephant's nose has become elaborated into a long, muscular, manipulative organ called the trunk.